Pile.



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PILE.

(Application ledJuly 25, 1901.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALFRED A. RAYMOND, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PILE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 700,707, dated May 20,1902.

Application filed July Z5, 1901.

To a/ZZ whom it may concern.-

Beit known that I, ALFRED A. RAYMOND, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented a certain new and useful Improvement in Piles, (Case No. 1,) ofwhich the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of thisspecification.

My invention relates to piles of such a nature as exhibited in my PatentNo. 589,026, granted to me August 3l, 1897. In the device of my saidpatent I have provided a pile-core comprising two similar semicircularcoreshells, which shells are preferably in the form of rings incross-section. A bar provided with a series of wedgingesnrfaces isinterposed between the seinicircular core-sections and when reciprocatedin one direction serves to spread the same apart and when moved in theopposite direction permits said core-sections to approach each other. Acasing is provided for receiving the pile-core. W'hen the casing is inplace upon its core, the core and casing are driven into the ground, thecore furnishing the necessary resistance to penetrate the earth, whichthe shell itself cannot always do.

. After the core and its casing have been driven v upon the core may bewithdrawn.

to the requisite depth the wedgin g device, that had previously beenactuated to spread the sections of the core apart, is now moved topermit the said sections to approach, where- After the core is withdrawnthe interior of the shell is filled with concrete or other suitablesolid substance, that forms the pile proper. I prefer to employ as afilling a composition of cement and crushed stone or any other llingadapted to harden with age. This filling can be tamped into the jacketto make it solid and to be built above the ground, as well as within theground. Even though the jacket should corrode or Waste away, especiallyif the piling is driven below the water-line, the filling will withstandlong usage.

I have found that it is somewhat diiicult to always adjust the relativepositions of the sections of the core and that the core casing or shellis frequently likely to be punctured by the core as it is driven withinthe ground,

Serial No. 69,615. (No'model.)

especially if the core casing or shell is made of wood-pulp orpapier-mch.

It is the object of my present invention, therefore, to improve thestructural characteristics of the temporary core and the pilecasing.

I form the core in sections that are jointed together or otherwise soassociated as to permit relative longitudinal movement thereof, meansbeing interposed between the core-sections, so that when a relativelongitudinal movement in one direction is eected the coresections willspread apart and fill the corecasing, and when moved in the otherdirection the core-sections will approach and permit the removal of thetemporary core after the casing has been driven to the desired depth. Iprefer to join the sections of the pile-core by means of hinges that arepivot ally connected to both sections of the core, so that when thesehinges occupy a horizontal position or a position at right angles to theaxis of the core the core-sections will be spread farther apart to fillthe shell or casing, and when one section of the core is lifted thehinges, by occupying an oblique position, will cause the core sectionsto approach each other, so that the core then becomes smaller than, thebore of the shell and may readily be withdrawn.

The improved casing of my invention may be said to consist of astructure having joints or lengths that are relatively movable, s0 thatif for any reason the temporary core should engage one part of thecasing with too great force this part of the casing'may give by movinglongitudinally with respect to the remainder of the casing, so that thecasing need not be punctured.

I particularly prefer to employ a casing having its lowerI tip portionformed ina longitudinally movable or separable section, so that as thecore is driven into the casing, al-

though the casing may expand at various points throughout its length,the tip of the core will not force its way through the tip of thecasing, as this latter part will give. By reason of this construction Iam enabled to provide a pile-casing that will not be punctnred as it,with its contained core, is driven into the ground. The pile-casing bybeing punctured, asy sometimes happened heretofore, permits the accessof water into the castained core, the core being collapsed and incondition to be withdrawn from the casing. Fig. 3 is a view illustratingthe completed pile, the core having been withdrawn and the casing filledwith stone and vcement or what other filling may be desired. Fig. 4t isa View from the interior of the temporary pile-cere and showing one-halfof the same. Fig. v5 is a sectional view on line 5 5 of Fig. l. Fig. 6is asectional view on line 6 6 of Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is an enlargedsectional view of the lower part of the pile-casing.

Like parts are indicated by similar characters of reference throughoutthe different gures.

The temporary pile-core is made in two sections ct a., relativelymovable longitudinally, united by hinges b Z2, each pivoted at one endto a section. These hinges when occupying a horizontal position, asillustrated in Fig. l, fully separate the core-sections to fill thepile-casing. To maintain the coresections in this separated relation, Iprovide a key c, that has tongues engaging corresponding grooves in theopposed sections of the core. When this key is removed, one of thesections may be moved'with respect to the other, so as to occupy theposition illustrated in Fig. 2, the hinges occupying oblique positions.The upper ends of the core-sections are provided with opposed obliquefaces, so that when the core-sections are collapsed they may occupy theposition illustrated in Fig. 2. One of the core-sections is providedwith a transverse extension d, upon which the companion core-section maybe bottomed. If desired, plates e 'e may be employed, secured to one ofthe core-sections and movable transversely with respect to the companioncore-section for covering the pintlesff, by which the hinges are securedto the core-sections and the gap that intervenes between thecore-sections when they occupy the position illustrated in Fig 1.

The pile-casing is formed in relatively longitudinally-movable lengthsgg, formed,preferably, separate physically, but which are joined togetherto form the casing by a sliding engagement, the sections telescopingeach other, the tip portion h being similarly joined to the remainder ofthe pile-casing. I have illustrated one means of joining the sections ofthe pile-casing wheretlle meeting faces of the adjacent ends of thepile-casing are oblique, these surfaces slanting downward and inwardtoward the pile, so that water may not ooze into the cavity in thepile-casing.

The temporary pile-cores and the casings or shells are conical, so thatthe ground may be entered, and after the piles are in place furtherdepression thereof may be resisted by reason of the wedging action.

Other means may be employed for forming the pile-casing in lengthsrelatively movable longitudinally without departing from the spirit ofmy invention, and other means may be employed for permitting aseparation or collapse of the sections of the pile-core upon theirlongitudinal movement with respect to each other without departing fromthe spirit of my invention, and I do not wish, there'-v fore, to belimited to the precise construction y herein set forth; but,

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patentl. 'In an expanding pile-core, the combina- `,tion withthe longitudinal sections thereof, of

hinges uniting the said sections and permitting relatively longitudinalmovement thereof, whereby the said sections may be separated orcollapsed, substantially as described.

2. In an expanding pile-core, the combination with the longitudinalsections thereof, of hinges uniting the said sections and permittingrelatively longitudinal movement thereof, whereby the said sections maybe sepa-- rated or collapsed, and a key for maintaining the sections ofthe pile-core'in a separated relation, substantially as described.

. 3.` In an expanding pile-core, the combination with tlielongitudinalsections thereof, of hinges uniting thesaid sections and permittingrelatively longitudinal movement thereof, whereby the said sections maybe separated or collapsed, one of the said sections being provided witha transverse section d upon which the other `section may bottom when thesaid sections are in a separated relation, substantially as described.

4. In an expanding pile-core, the combination with the longitudinalsections thereof, of hinges uniting the said sections and permittingrelatively longitudinal movement thereof,'whereby the said sections maybe separated or collapsed, and a key for maintaining the sections of thepile-core in a separated relation, one of the said sections beingprovided with a transversesection d upon which the other section maybottom when the said sections are in a separated relation, substantiallyas described.

5. A pile-casing having its tip longitudinally movable with respect tothe remainder of the pile-casing, and having telescoping engagementtherewith, substantially as described.

6. A tapering pile casing or shell formed in relatively longitudinallymovable lengths, substantially as described.

IOO

7 A tapering pile casing or shell formed in relatively longitudinallymovable telescopin g lengths.,l Substantially as described.

8. A tapering pile-casing having a tip exterior to said casing andlongitudinally movable relatively thereto, substantially as described.

9. A tapering pile-casing having its tip longitudinally movable withrespectito the remainder of the pile-casing, and having telescopingengagement therewith, substantially as described.

10. The combination with an expanding pile-core, of a shell or casingadapted to surround said core, and a tip against which said core isadapted to press, said shell and tip being longitudinally movablerelatively to each other, substantially as described.

11. The combination with an expanding pile-core, of a tapering shell orcasing adapted to surround said core, and a tip against which said coreis adapted to press, said shell and tip being longitudinally movablerelatively to each other, substantially as described.

12. The combination with a shell or casing, of an expanding pile-corecomposed of longitudinal sections, means interposed between saidsections, whereby upon the relatively longitudinal movement of the samethe sections of the pile-core may be expanded or collapsed, and a tipagainst which said core is adapted to press, covering the end of saidcasing and longitudinally movable relatively thereto, substantially asdescribed.

13. A tapering pile casing or shell formed in relatively longitudinallymovable lengths, in combination with a illing of concrete or similarmaterial, substantially as described.

let. A composite pile composed of a tapering sectional shell or casinglled with cona crete or similar material, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I hereunto subscribe my name this 1st day of April,A. D. y1901.

ALFRED A. RAYMOND.

Witnesses:

GEORGE L. CEAGG, HERBERT T. OBERGFELL.

